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                  <text>Historic images of Belfast along with digitized images of census, public health and workers records. All images are included in the exhibition 'Surviving the City': Poverty and Public Health in Belfast, 1888-1914.</text>
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                <text>Cartoon attacking the City of Belfast Christian Civic Union, 1906</text>
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Charitable works and activities were often undertaken in the context of the Christian belief, and for the various churches that operated in Belfast in the 19th and 20th centuries, charity was a means by which they could reach out to the poorest of their congregation, helping them deal with poverty in a practical way, while also practicing the charitable virtues preached about on Sundays.&#13;
&#13;
Unlike the poor law system, voluntary organisations tended to focus their attention on particular sections of the poor, for example, children, unmarried women, the bling, or the elderly. Different religious denominations tended to have charities for the support of their own members, as did organisations such as the Freemasons.&#13;
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Extract from the Belfast and Province of Ulster Directory, 1902. [PRONI]&#13;
Photograph of children under the care of the Ulster Children’s Society, c 1910. [D1257/1]</text>
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              <text>Belfast’s economic success and growth was not without its price. The city experienced increased problems of overcrowding, housing, sanitation and public health. While the existing housing stock was of good quality, it was seriously inadequate for the growing population. &#13;
&#13;
Many families crammed into small houses in narrow and unsanitary courts and alleys around the old part of the town. As the century progressed, unregulated areas of poor housing sprang up to the north and west of the town and east of the river in Ballymacarrett. Many of these areas lacked running water or sewerage, the uncovered River Blackstaff which flowed through the town centre into Belfast Lough serving as the only substitute. &#13;
&#13;
It was also a very young city, with large numbers of young single and married people moving into it and birth rates remaining very high. The care and control of the thousands of children who moved between work and school, or who remained unattended while both parents worked long hours, presented a major problem for the city’s welfare and municipal authorities.&#13;
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&#13;
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